Network model

The network model is largely implemented in PyPSA it is recommend to read the full PyPSA documentation first. Wich can be found at ..

Components

Below you will find the components used in the web application, this list is a narrow sub list of the PyPSA documentation

component	list_name	description
Network	networks	Container for all components and functions which act upon the whole network.
Bus	buses	Electrically fundamental node where x-port objects attach.
Line	lines	Lines include distribution and transmission lines, overhead lines and cables.
LineType	line_types	Standard line types with per length values for impedances.
Link	links	Link between two buses with controllable active power - can be used for a transport power flow model OR as a simplified version of point-to-point DC connection OR as a lossy energy converter. NB: for a lossless bi-directional HVDC or transport link, set p_min_pu = -1 and efficiency = 1. NB: It is assumed that the links neither produce nor consume reactive power.
Load	loads	PQ power consumer.
Generator	generators	Power generator.

Network

The Network is the overall container for all components.

attribute	type	unit	default	description	status
name	string	n/a	n/a	Unique name	Input (required)
snapshots	list or pandas.Index	n/a	[“now”]	List of snapshots or time steps. All time-dependent series quantities are indexed by network.snapshots. To reset the snapshots, call network.set_snapshots(new_snapshots).	Input (optional)
buses	pandas.DataFrame	n/a	n/a	All static bus information compiled by PyPSA from inputs. Index is bus names, columns are bus attributes.	Output
buses_t	dictionary of pandas.DataFrames	n/a	n/a	All time-dependent bus information compiled by PyPSA from inputs. Dictionary keys are time-dependent series attributes, index is network.snapshots, columns are bus names.	Output
lines	pandas.DataFrame	n/a	n/a	All static line information compiled by PyPSA from inputs. Index is line names, columns are line attributes.	Output
lines_t	dictionary of pandas.DataFrames	n/a	n/a	All time-dependent line information compiled by PyPSA from inputs. Dictionary keys are time-dependent series attributes, index is network.snapshots, columns are line names.	Output
components	pandas.DataFrame	n/a	n/a	For each component type (buses, lines, etc.): static component information compiled by PyPSA from inputs. Index is component names, columns are component attributes.	Output
components_t	dictionary of pandas.DataFrames	n/a	n/a	For each component type (buses, lines, etc.): time-dependent component information compiled by PyPSA from inputs. Dictionary keys are time-dependent series attributes, index is network.snapshots, columns are component names.	Output
branches()	pandas.DataFrame	n/a	n/a	Dynamically generated concatenation of branch DataFrames: network.lines, network.transformers and network.links. Note that this is a copy and therefore changing entries will NOT update the original.	Output

Bus

The bus is the fundamental node of the network, to which components like loads, generators and transmission lines attach. It enforces energy conservation for all elements feeding in and out of it (i.e. like Kirchhoff’s Current Law).

attribute	type	unit	default	description	status
name	string	n/a	n/a	Unique name	Input (required)
v_nom	float	kV		Nominal voltage	Input (optional)
type	string	n/a	n/a	Placeholder for bus type. Not yet implemented.	Input (optional)
v_mag_pu_set	static or series	per unit		Voltage magnitude set point, per unit of v_nom.	Input (optional)
v_mag_pu_min	float	per unit		Minimum desired voltage, per unit of v_nom	Input (optional)
v_mag_pu_max	float	per unit	inf	Maximum desired voltage, per unit of v_nom	Input (optional)
control	string	n/a	PQ	P,Q,V control strategy for PF, must be “PQ”, “PV” or “Slack”. Note that this attribute is an output inherited from the controls of the generators attached to the bus; setting it directly on the bus will not have any effect.	Output
sub_network	string	n/a	n/a	Name of connected sub-network to which bus belongs. This attribute is set by PyPSA in the function network.determine_network_topology(); do not set it directly by hand.	Output
p	series	MW		active power at bus (positive if net generation at bus)	Output
q	series	MVar		reactive power (positive if net generation at bus)	Output
v_mag_pu	series	per unit		Voltage magnitude, per unit of v_nom	Output
v_ang	series	radians		Voltage angle	Output
marginal_price	series	currency		Locational marginal price from LOPF from power balance constraint	Output

Generator

attribute	type	unit	default	description	status
name	string	n/a	n/a	Unique name	Input (required)
bus	string	n/a	n/a	name of bus to which generator is attached	Input (required)
control	string	n/a	PQ	P,Q,V control strategy for PF, must be “PQ”, “PV” or “Slack”.	Input (optional)
p_nom	float	MW		Nominal power for limits in OPF.	Input (optional)
p_min_pu	static or series	per unit		The minimum output for each snapshot per unit of p_nom for the OPF (e.g. for variable renewable generators this can change due to weather conditions and compulsory feed-in; for conventional generators it represents a minimal dispatch). Note that if comittable is False and p_min_pu > 0, this represents a must-run condition.	Input (optional)
p_max_pu	static or series	per unit		The maximum output for each snapshot per unit of p_nom for the OPF (e.g. for varialbe renewable generators this can change due to weather conditions; for conventional generators it represents a maximum dispatch).	Input (optional)
p_set	static or series	MW		active power set point (for PF)	Input (optional)
q_set	static or series	MVar		reactive power set point (for PF)	Input (optional)
sign	float	n/a		power sign	Input (optional)
marginal_cost	float	currency/MWh		Marginal cost of production of 1 MWh.	Input (optional)
capital_cost	float	currency/MW		Capital cost of extending p_nom by 1 MW.	Input (optional)
efficiency	float	per unit		Ratio between primary energy and electrical energy, e.g. takes value 0.4 MWh_elec/MWh_thermal for gas. This is important for determining CO2 emissions per MWh.	Input (optional)
start_up_cost	float	currency		Cost to start up the generator. Only read if committable is True.	Input (optional)
shut_down_cost	float	currency		Cost to shut down the generator. Only read if committable is True.	Input (optional)
min_up_time	int	snapshots	0	Minimum number of snapshots for status to be 1. Only read if committable is True.	Input (optional)
min_down_time	int	snapshots	0	Minimum number of snapshots for status to be 0. Only read if committable is True.	Input (optional)
initial_status	int	n/a	1	Initial status. Only read if committable is True.	Input (optional)
ramp_limit_up	float	per unit	NaN	Maximum active power increase from one snapshot to the next, per unit of the nominal power. Ignored if NaN.	Input (optional)
ramp_limit_down	float	per unit	NaN	Maximum active power decrease from one snapshot to the next, per unit of the nominal power. Ignored if NaN.	Input (optional)
p	series	MW		active power at bus (positive if net generation)	Output
q	series	MVar		reactive power (positive if net generation)	Output
p_nom_opt	float	MW		Optimised nominal power.	Output
status	series	n/a	1	Status (1 is on, 0 is off). Only outputted if committable is True.	Output

Lines

attribute	type	unit	default	description	status
name	string	n/a	n/a	Unique name	Input (required)
bus0	string	n/a	n/a	Name of first bus to which branch is attached.	Input (required)
bus1	string	n/a	n/a	Name of second bus to which branch is attached.	Input (required)
type	string	n/a	n/a	Name of line standard type. If this is not an empty string “”, then the line standard type impedance parameters are multiplied with the line length and divided/multiplied by num_parallel to compute x, r, etc. This will override any values set in r, x, and b. If the string is empty, PyPSA will simply read r, x, etc.	Input (optional)
x	float	Ohm		Series reactance; must be non-zero for AC branch in linear power flow. If the line has series inductance \(L\) in Henries then \(x = 2\pi f L\) where \(f\) is the frequency in Hertz. Series impedance \(z = r + jx\) must be non-zero for the non-linear power flow. Ignored if type defined.	Input (required)
r	float	Ohm		Series resistance; must be non-zero for DC branch in linear power flow. Series impedance \(z = r + jx\) must be non-zero for the non-linear power flow. Ignored if type defined.	Input (required)
g	float	Siemens		Shunt conductivity. Shunt admittance is \(y = g + jb\).	Input (optional)
b	float	Siemens		Shunt susceptance. If the line has shunt capacitance \(C\) in Farads then \(b = 2\pi f C\) where \(f\) is the frequency in Hertz. Shunt admittance is \(y = g + jb\). Ignored if type defined.	Input (optional)
s_nom	float	MVA		Limit of apparent power which can pass through branch.	Input (optional)
capital_cost	float	currency/MVA		Capital cost of extending s_nom by 1 MVA.	Input (optional)
length	float	km		Length of line used when “type” is set, also useful for calculating the capital cost.	Input (optional)
terrain_factor	float	per unit		Terrain factor for increasing capital cost.	Input (optional)
v_ang_min	float	Degrees	-inf	Minimum voltage angle difference across the line.	Input (optional)
v_ang_max	float	Degrees	inf	Maximum voltage angle difference across the line.	Input (optional)
sub_network	string	n/a	n/a	Name of connected sub-network to which lines belongs. This attribute is set by PyPSA in the function network.determine_network_topology(); do not set it directly by hand.	Output
p0	series	MW		Active power at bus0 (positive if branch is withdrawing power from bus0).	Output
q0	series	MVar		Reactive power at bus0 (positive if branch is withdrawing power from bus0).	Output
p1	series	MW		Active power at bus1 (positive if branch is withdrawing power from bus1).	Output
q1	series	MVar		Reactive power at bus1 (positive if branch is withdrawing power from bus1).	Output
x_pu	float	per unit		Per unit series reactance calculated by PyPSA from x and bus.v_nom.	Output
r_pu	float	per unit		Per unit series resistance calculated by PyPSA from r and bus.v_nom	Output
g_pu	float	per unit		Per unit shunt conductivity calculated by PyPSA from g and bus.v_nom	Output
b_pu	float	per unit		Per unit shunt susceptance calculated by PyPSA from b and bus.v_nom	Output
s_nom_opt	float	MVA		Optimised capacity for apparent power.	Output

Loads

attribute	type	unit	default	description	status
name	string	n/a	n/a	Unique name	Input (required)
bus	string	n/a	n/a	Name of bus to which load is attached.	Input (required)
type	string	n/a	n/a	Placeholder for load type. Not yet implemented.	Input (optional)
p_set	static or series	MW		Active power consumption (positive if the load is consuming power).	Input (optional)
q_set	static or series	MVar		Reactive power consumption (positive if the load is inductive).	Input (optional)
sign	float	n/a	-1.	power sign (opposite sign to generator)	Input (optional)
p	series	MW		active power at bus (positive if net load)	Output
q	series	MVar		reactive power (positive if net load)	Output